Vaginitis, properly called vulvovaginitis as it often also affects the vulva, is an infection or irritation of a woman's vagina and vulva. There are numerous causes for vaginitis, which affects women of all ages and levels of sexual activity. Many women will get a vaginitis infection at least once in their lives, and it should be nothing to be ashamed of. Because untreated vaginitis can lead to fertility problems and other health problems, women should always see a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Many women associate yeast infections with vaginitis and use the terms interchangeably. A yeast infection, also called candidiasis, is just one type of vaginitis. The condition can also be caused by bacteria, parasites, allergies, and irritants. That's why it's important not to self-medicate for vaginitis, because treating it with the wrong medication won't get rid of the condition. Symptoms of the problem include itching, burning, unusual discharge, painful urination, or bleeding.
One of the most common forms of vaginitis is bacterial vaginitis, or BV, caused by a bacterial infection or an imbalance in the bacterial flora of the vagina. It can be treated with antibiotics and some natural techniques, such as introducing beneficial bacteria into the vaginal environment. Candidiasis, or a yeast infection, is treated with antifungal medications. Trichomoniasis or "trich" is a form of vaginitis caused by parasites, and is generally seen as a sexually transmitted infection, since it is spread from person to person. Antibiotics are used to treat trich.
The condition can also be caused by a foreign object in the vagina. Symptoms are usually relieved when removed, although a soothing cream may be prescribed to promote healing. Women also develop vaginitis as an allergic response, typically due to the use of scented products.
Prevention of vaginitis is relatively simple. Women can reduce the chance of infection by eating healthy diets, practicing good genital hygiene, and avoiding harsh soaps and scented products. It is also important to refrain from douching, as douching can upset the bacterial balance in the vagina. Wiping from front to back, wearing loose clothing and natural fibers, and using barrier protection during sexual activity will also reduce the risk of vaginitis. Ultimately, despite a woman's best efforts, she can still get infected. Prompt treatment is essential to prevent long-term problems and detect the condition early, making it easier to eliminate.