What is heliocentrism?

What Does heliocentrism Mean

The concept of heliocentrism alludes to the theory that, in the 16th century , the Polish Nicholas Copernicus postulated . According to this astronomer and religious, the Sun is the center of the universe .

The first heliocentric ideas were postulated by Aristarchus of Samos in the 3rd century BC . At that time, the philosopher and mathematician Philolaus , one of the followers of the movement founded by Pythagoras of Samos , proposed a model opposite to the geocentric one, according to which there was a " central fire " in the universe that served as the axis for the rotation of the planets (including ours), the Moon and the Sun. The movement that bodies made according to this theory was uniform circular.

In other words, the system postulated by Philolaus spoke of an anti-world collinear with our planet and the central fire, which had the same period of revolution. The rotation of the Sun around said fire took a year, while the rest of the stars remained immobile; the Earth, for its part, always hid the same face, and in this way it was explained that we could not see the central fire.
However, they did not get support from the scientific community. Only in the Renaissance , Copernicus presented the model of a heliocentric system was well received.
From the observations made by Galileo Galilei with his telescope, Johannes Kepler expanded the heliocentric model of Copernicus . Thus, geocentrism was left aside , a theory opposed to heliocentrism that placed the Earth in the center. However, over the years Edwin Hubble and other experts discovered that the Sun was part of a larger complex: the galaxy . In turn, the existence of billions of galaxies was proven.
Called Copernican revolution , Copernican revolution or turnabout scientists succeeded changes that Copernicus to postulate heliocentrism. This revolution , therefore, supposes the passage from geocentrism to heliocentrism as an explanation of the organization of the universe.
Gradually, it was determined that the Sun is not the universal center, but is just one star among many more. Giordano Bruno was one of the mathematicians and astronomers who most insisted on this question, already fully accepted by science despite the fact that many people still mistakenly believe that the Sun revolves around the Earth .

This conception that most human beings consider erroneous does not arise in an arbitrary and capricious way: it is enough to stop to observe the sky for a while to have the sensation that the clouds, the Sun and the Moon revolve around us, and not everything This is incorrect, since the wind moves the clouds and the Moon actually orbits the Earth. However, this theory can be dismantled in a few seconds by including in the conversation the large number of discoveries that scientists have made over the centuries or, perhaps, the millennia that we have inhabited this planet.
One of the "details" that begins to fracture the theory that all bodies revolve around the Earth is the inconsistency in the points of departure of the Moon and the Sun throughout the twelve months that make up the year. We can also point out that certain planets and stars can only be seen at certain times of the year, and that some of them seem to have changed direction with respect to the others. Ultimately, heliocentrism is far from being a whim or a theory that can only be verified by traveling to outer space, but can be supported through patient and sensible observation of the sky.

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