What Does census Mean
From the Latin census , a census is a padrón or list . Its most common use is associated with the population census or population census , where the inhabitants of a town or country are counted and various data are collected for statistical purposes.
For example: "The Government announced that next year it will carry out a national census" , "The data collected through the census will allow the development of more precise social policies" , "According to the last census, the city has already exceeded two million inhabitants ” .
The census allows defining a statistical population that reflects the total number of individuals in a territory. Unlike other statistical tools , in this case we are not working with samples, but with the total population. The census is considered a technique that uses the census record or census card as an instrument to carry out an investigation.
Its complexity and high cost mean that national censuses are drawn up, in general, every ten years. The usual thing is for the Government to draw up a form with questions and for a large team of census takers to be in charge of touring the entire country, house to house. In the form, the most relevant sociodemographic variables are consulted, such as age, number of children, employment situation, characteristics of the home, etc.
The population census usually reflects a large amount of data in addition to the simple number of inhabitants; for example, they can limit the percentage of people who:
* they have health coverage , and how many of them access said service through a social work or a prepaid one;
* it exceeds a certain age group, in the case of being a striking number, and the same happens with gender, when there is a significant percentage of men or women in a given area;
* you have retired at the statutory age, or you continue to work despite having exceeded it; * You must face a permanent difficulty or limitation , be it physical or mental; * live with your partner without having been married; * lives in a house run by a woman, as well as the opposite case; *
lives in a building with a certain age, such as being less than ten years old, more than one hundred, and so on;
* It has electricity supply through the network.
On the other hand, the census can delimit the exact number of immigrants residing in a given area, especially cities or towns with a few thousand inhabitants, which can be used to study from which countries the greatest influx of people comes and their reasons. , as well as the changes that this phenomenon presents in a certain period of time.
The electoral roll , also known as the electoral roll, is the registry where the people who are authorized to vote are recorded . In this census all the individuals to whom the legislation recognizes the right to active suffrage to choose their representatives appear. Those who are not part of the register, therefore, are not authorized to cast their vote in the elections.
There are other types of census, which are the following:
* By law : also called de jure , it is used to register the entire population residing in the study territory, regardless of whether they are present or absent;
* in fact : also called de facto , it is used to register the total population of the study territory, provided it is present;
* statistics : consists of carrying out a count in descriptive statistics of certain elements of a population;
* Right : charge imposed on a property (lien) with the purpose of guaranteeing that the credits are paid.