A bone fracture, also called a broken bone, is a condition in which there is an interruption in the continuity or structure of the bone. These interruptions can be as simple as a hairline or stress fracture, leading only to small cracks that disturb the bone's framework, or as complicated as a complete break, in which the bone fragments into two or more pieces. A complete break in the continuity of the bone can also lead to a condition called an open fracture in which the injured bone also disrupts the integrity of the skin. A metaphyseal fracture is a break in the bone at the metaphysis.
The metaphysis is a part of each long bone located between the diaphysis or shaft and the epiphysis or end of the bone, where growth or lengthening occurs. This is where the epiphyseal plate, also known as the growth plate, is located. Bone continues to develop as the body matures until the ages of eighteen and twenty-five. When development is complete, the metaphysis hardens or ossifies into bone. Experiencing a metaphyseal fracture can disrupt bone growth and development.
Metaphyseal fractures commonly occur in the arms or legs of children under the age of two. They are often the result of a jerking or rocking motion, because a child's bones are less stable or hard than those of adults. This type of rupture can also occur due to improper handling of a baby or a self-inflicted accident where the child tries to use the limb with too much force. Due to the fact that a metaphyseal fracture does not always present with the normal problems of swelling and pain from a break in another area of the bone, it can be difficult to detect this condition.
Although a metaphyseal fracture occurs in the metaphysis, there are different types of breaks that can occur. A metaphyseal bucket handle fracture, for example, can occur where long bones connect to another part of the body, such as the ankles or armpits. A corner fracture, on the other hand, is a break in the long bone in the area of the metaphysis and growth plate. Stress fractures or chip fractures can also occur in this area.
Unlike other breaks, a metaphyseal fracture may have the ability to heal on its own as the body continually develops and creates more bone cells. However, with severe fractures of this area, it may be necessary to rest the involved limb. In more severe cases, a metaphyseal fracture can disrupt the alignment of the bone itself or the way it connects to another part of the body. In these cases, it may be necessary to use a cast or other treatment methods to correct bony deviations that can lead to deformities.