A base balance is a type of measure that aggregates capital account balances and current account balances as a means of identifying a specific nation's balance of payments. This specific measure can be used to assess the balance of payments as it applies to all public and private sectors operating in the country or to all businesses in general. The strategy offers a viable alternative to using other approaches to arrive at the balance of payments.
The purpose of identifying the balance of payments for a given period is to determine the relationship between the amount of money that enters the country and the amount of money that flows to other countries. Ideally, the balance between these two values will be within a range that the nation considers beneficial to that country's domestic economy. If the basic balance indicates that the difference between cash inflows and outflows is not within acceptable limits, steps can be taken to correct the situation and recover a more equitable balance.
As the balance of payments is normally calculated at least quarterly, the result of identifying the basic balance makes it relatively easy to identify recent emerging trends that could have long-term ramifications for the country's economy. For example, if the basic balance indicates that a trend to reduce the flow of effectives in the country is in its first stages, the government could take measures to implement various policies and procedures that over time would overcome the trend and minimize its effect in the economy. generally. From this perspective, the data generated by the basic balance sheet are very valuable, as they allow the preparation to face projected events in order to increase the chances of maintaining a stable economy even in the face of an undesirable economic trend.
While the ideal baseline balance is actually zero, indicating a perfect balance between cash inflows and outflows, nations rarely if ever experience this phenomenon for any length of time. Most countries will identify a range between surplus and deficit that is considered acceptable, based on specific details about the resources and types of industries operating within their borders. If the basic equilibrium indicates a future movement outside this range, strategies can be put in place to contain that movement and prevent the impact of this trend from causing as much damage to the economy as it would if the trend had never been identified.