An enlarged testicle can be a cause for great concern among men experiencing this symptom. Fortunately, most causes of an enlarged testicle do not represent a serious medical condition. Some of the more common causes of an enlarged testicle include epididymitis, orchitis, or varicocele. In some cases, a swollen or enlarged testicle may be due to a tumor, although this is relatively rare.
Epididymitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the tube that leads to the vas deferens from the testicle. This type of inflammation is usually caused by a bacterial infection. In addition to an enlarged testicle, symptoms often include pain, fever, and blood in the semen. Treatment for epididymitis usually involves the use of a prescription antibiotic. Pain medication, ice packs, and bed rest can also help the healing process.
Orchitis refers to inflammation involving one or both testicles and is most often caused by the same virus that causes mumps. Bacterial infections, including some sexually transmitted diseases, can also cause this condition. Pain, fever, and nausea are often present along with at least one enlarged testicle. Over-the-counter or prescription medications, as well as bed rest and the application of ice packs, are typical treatment options. Additional medications may be prescribed, depending on whether the condition is caused by a viral or bacterial infection.
A varicocele is another potential cause of an enlarged testicle. This is a condition that involves an enlargement or widening of the veins located in the scrotum, the sac that contains the testicles. A varicocele often develops during puberty and can cause low sperm production. The pain or discomfort associated with this condition is often relieved by lying down. Treatment may occasionally involve surgical repair, although most varicoceles go away on their own without any medical treatment.
In some cases, an enlarged testicle may develop due to the presence of a tumor. When this is the case, a lump that can be seen or felt is often present. Testicular cancer is relatively rare, and most tumors found in this region of the body are benign. Even if the tumor is cancerous, early diagnosis and treatment often lead to an excellent prognosis for the patient. Any swelling involving one or both testicles should always be evaluated by a medical professional to rule out serious medical conditions and to ensure that the appropriate type of treatment is obtained.