Various conditions can cause a swollen larynx, ranging from an infection in the larynx to exposure to irritating fumes and fumes. People with a swollen larynx often experience problems like hoarse, scratchy voice and difficulty swallowing. An ear, nose, and throat specialist can evaluate the patient to determine the cause of the swelling and provide information on treatment options. People may need to seek treatment for a swollen larynx as it can indicate a serious problem.
Inflammation caused by tension of the vocal cords, as seen in people like cheerleaders and singers, can be a potential cause of a swollen larynx, as can infections with viruses and bacteria. Growths such as nodules, polyps, and scars along the vocal cords can contribute to irritation and swelling. Another possible cause is inhalation of an irritant such as paint fumes, high-particulate smoke, or inhaler propellant used for inhaled medications.
Cancer is another potential reason for a person's larynx to develop swelling. People with laryngeal cancer may also notice swelling around the lymph nodes and may develop a bloody cough and slurred speech. A condition known as laryngopharyngeal reflux disease, in which acid from the stomach backs up into the larynx, is also a known cause of inflammation of the larynx and can lead to discomfort when swallowing and slurred speech.
If a patient notices mild swelling, drinking plenty of fluids and resting can resolve the problem within a few days. If the swelling persists, worsens, or is accompanied by the development of new symptoms, it is advisable to seek treatment for a swollen larynx. A doctor may perform a physical exam and review a patient's medical history to gather diagnostic clues, using this information to reach a diagnosis.
Treatment options may include medications, rest, vocal exercises with a trainer, and surgery, depending on the details of the patient's case. It is important to follow treatment instructions carefully, especially with regard to rest. Many patients may put pressure on their larynx too soon after injuries and illnesses when speaking and singing, causing a setback in its healing. Even if a patient feels well, it is advisable to obtain a doctor's clearance before using the voice again, to limit the potential for recurring inflammation in the larynx. A patient who has a history of laryngeal inflammation and sings or relies on the voice for a living may also consider working with a speech-language pathologist during recovery to limit the risk of re-injury.