Urticarial vasculitis is a medical term used to describe a type of skin disorder that leads to the appearance of a raised, red rash known as hives on one or more areas of the body. This rash often causes a painful burning sensation and can also cause moderate to severe itching. Skin inflammation, changes in skin color or texture, and fever are often present among people with this disorder. In more severe cases, symptoms of urticarial vasculitis can include abdominal pain or damage to organs such as the kidneys or lungs. Some of the characteristics of this skin condition are similar to other diseases, so it is important to visit a doctor for an accurate diagnosis.
Hives often develop when the body experiences an allergic reaction and tend to go away shortly after taking an antihistamine. In the case of urticarial vasculitis, the rash lasts at least 24 hours and does not correspond to contact with a known allergen. As the rash fades, a change in pigmentation may occur, sometimes described as a bruise. In addition to an itchy or painful rash, symptoms of urticarial vasculitis can include joint pain, swollen lymph nodes, and increased sensitivity to sunlight.
A skin biopsy may be performed to confirm a suspected diagnosis of urticarial vasculitis. This is a minimally invasive procedure where a small tissue sample is taken from one of the injuries and sent to an outside laboratory for further examination. This skin disorder is diagnosed when there is confirmed damage to small blood vessels or an increased number of white blood cells in the tissue sample.
Most cases of urticarial vasculitis resolve on their own, and the exact cause of the condition is rarely known. Some medical conditions, such as lupus, hepatitis, or leukemia, are thought to increase the chances of developing skin disorders like this. Medications such as those used to treat infections or high blood pressure can also contribute to this condition.
Although medical treatment is not always necessary, some over-the-counter or prescription medications can help reduce the severity of symptoms. Antihistamines are often used to calm itching and reduce the appearance of hives. Pain relievers such as aspirin or ibuprofen can reduce swelling and relieve discomfort. Steroid medications or other prescription medications may be used to treat persistent cases of urticarial vasculitis.