Neck and shoulder strain can cause neck pain and fatigue, but other more serious conditions can also cause such problems. The most common cause is perhaps simply poor posture, especially while sitting in a chair behind a desk for long periods of time, as the muscles often tense up, leading to stress headaches and a tired feeling . More serious conditions that can cause these symptoms include fibromyalgia, migraines, and some varieties of arthritis.
Fibromyalgia is sensitivity to pain throughout the body, often felt in the neck and shoulders. This condition can cause neck pain and fatigue as the spine is compressed throughout the day. The neck and shoulders support the weight and movements of the head, particularly in an office environment where it is common to look at a computer screen for long periods of time. High levels of stress can worsen this condition, which is often combined with chronic fatigue, stress headaches, depression, and sleep disturbances.
More common and less serious causes of neck pain and fatigue include poor posture caused by lack of back support when sitting or standing, a strain injury or sports activities, and whiplash, which is a sudden movement, twisting or jerking that can cause neck pain. Most of these problems can be relieved with stretching exercises, an ergonomic chair with neck and lower back support, and rest followed by light physical therapy.
Migraines can cause pain and fatigue and often require medication treatment. A migraine is a severe headache that often causes stabbing pain in the head and neck. The sufferer often has to lie down in a dark, quiet room until the pain subsides, although many medications are available to help prevent and relieve migraines. These severe headaches can be caused by a combination of factors including diet, daily routines, stress levels, and poor sleep habits.
Arthritis can also cause neck joint pain and fatigue. In general, this condition is a swelling of any joint in the body, and is often accompanied by atrophy of the ligaments in that joint. When arthritis is present in the spine, it can cause pain throughout the back, neck, and shoulders. Medications are available to help relieve symptoms, and regular stretching can also help relieve some of the pain.