Arm pain and weakness do not always have to originate in the arm. Often the pain originates in the wrist. For example, both carpal tunnel syndrome and a broken wrist can cause a feeling of general weakness and cause pain to radiate down the arm. Today, there are numerous potential causes of arm pain and weakness. Some of the most likely culprits include overuse, acute injuries, and arthritis.
Arm pain and weakness are often the result of a minor injury, such as overuse of the arm through manual labor. Localized repetitive movements in the arm and wrists, for example, cause tennis elbow. Exercise also has the ability to cause arm injury when a movement is performed incorrectly or if the arm is under too much stress. For example, an individual attempting to lift a heavy weight when out of shape might strain a muscle. Lifting too much using heavy backpacks or purses or trying to move heavy furniture could also be to blame.
Acute arm injuries, including shoulder separations, shoulder dislocations, and arm fractures, can be caused by heavy blows or hard falls. These types of injuries can occur in all age groups, but tend to appear more frequently in children and those who participate in contact sports. The elderly may also be more susceptible due to decreased bone mass and density. Some older adults also have eye weakness that can make it difficult to see objects in their path or make it difficult for them to balance, increasing the chances of an arm injury.
Arthritis is another common factor in arm pain and weakness. The condition can be caused by inflammation in the joints or wear and tear due to cartilage degeneration. In some cases, arthritis can develop in the arm after an injury. Joint pain and weakness will usually present with swelling and limited mobility of the shoulder. Other common conditions like tendinitis and bursitis can also be caused by arthritis.
When arm pain and weakness are the result of a minor injury, it can often be treated through home care. Over-the-counter medications can relieve pain, while ice can ease pain; Compression and elevation are also helpful in reducing swelling. Using proper posture so your shoulders don't sag, taking frequent breaks from repetitive activities, and wearing a seat belt can also help prevent re-injury.
In certain situations, arm pain and weakness require immediate medical attention. For example, if there is pain and weakness in the right arm along with uncomfortable pressure or pain in the chest region, a heart attack could be occurring and emergency medical assistance is likely to be needed. When arm pain is accompanied by severe pain, swelling, a visibly protruding bone, or immobility in the arm, an immediate visit to the doctor's office is also recommended. Prompt treatment is also necessary if the pain and weakness occur after a car accident, fall, or other physical trauma and are accompanied by a popping or cracking sound in the arm.